Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that cause illnesses in animals and humans. They jump from one animal species to another, usually bats, cats and camels. Once inside an animal, they live in the cells and may change or mutate (evolve).
In humans, the virus gets into your body through the air when people who are infected cough, sneeze or talk or sing nearby. These viruses are a major threat to global health. The WHO estimates that a new worldcoronavirus pandemic could cause 6-11 million cases of severe illness and up to 1 million deaths.
The virus enters your nose, mouth or eyes and travels to the back of your nasal passages and mucous membrane in the back of your throat. It attaches to these cells and can then move into your lungs. Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure. They can include fever, cough and shortness of breath. Symptoms can get worse and lead to pneumonia, lung inflammation and death.
Coronavirus 71 (COR-71)
Coronaviruses (order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae) are enzootic infectious agents primarily infecting birds and mammals. They are a well-described subset of the virus world. The best known of these is the SARS coronavirus whose global footprint has been estimated at some 10 million infected humans. They can cause a host of morbidly fatal diseases ranging from the relatively benign to the deadly and are largely preventable through the appropriate use of antimicrobials. They can be prevented by a series of public health measures including hand washing, avoidance of face contact and wearing appropriate attire. The most successful and most enduring of these interventions remains the use of antimicrobials to treat existing infections.
Coronavirus 81 (COR-81)
Coronavirus 81 (COR-81) is a human coronavirus that caused a severe outbreak in Wuhan, China. This virus is a member of the b coronavirus family and is known for its ability to cause severe symptoms and death.
This virus was discovered in December of 2019 and has spread worldwide. It is causing an epidemic that has affected more than 1.2 billion people.
Researchers have investigated the structural and biochemical properties of this new virus. They have found that the spike glycoprotein of this coronavirus is a class I viral membrane fusion protein.
The study also discovered that the spike protein has a HR1 domain that is important for its function. This region is necessary for the fusion of the membrane and offers a potential target for antiviral development.
Coronavirus 92 (COR-92)
Coronaviruses are a family of positive-stranded RNA viruses that cause respiratory tract infections in mammals and birds. They can be mild or lethal depending on the strain. They are a major concern for human health because of their widespread presence in the environment and the fact that they can be transmitted from one species to another through infected hosts.
In humans, coronaviruses are primarily associated with a respiratory illness called severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). They also cause a more serious disease known as MERS.
The newest member of this family, SARS-CoV-2, caused the current coronavirus disease pandemic in December 2019. Infection causes a range of symptoms, from coughing to breathing difficulties. The virus can also cause a blood clot, or pulmonary embolism.
Vaccine trials are underway to find ways to prevent the spread of these diseases. Vaccines can be effective in many ways, including by stimulating the immune system and protecting against infection.
Coronavirus 93 (COR-93)
Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that cause enzootic infections in birds and mammals. However, in the past few decades they have been shown to be able to cross the species barrier and infect humans. These RNA viruses have large genomes and can be a serious threat to human health. Fortunately, the majority of people who become infected with coronavirus are expected to be asymptomatic and recover without needing treatment. But a portion of the adult population, including older adults and those with serious medical conditions, has a higher risk of developing serious illness if they are infected.
Currently, there are no vaccines available to prevent coronavirus infection. But research is being done to identify vaccine candidates that may be safe and effective in protecting people against the disease.
Coronavirus 94 (COR-94)
A coronavirus is a group of viruses that cause disease in humans and animals. Coronaviruses are positive-stranded RNA viruses that have been found to infect a wide variety of animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects. They are usually transmitted by direct contact or through droplets that may be exhaled from infected individuals. Previous coronavirus illnesses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), have had varying effects on the human body, with mortality rates ranging from 10% to 37%.
In the case of the current COVID-19, the coronavirus of the day is the novel Betacoronavirus that was first reported in December 2019. The most important effect of this virus is its ability to create glass-like opacities on CT scans and X-rays, which can affect the supply of oxygenated blood throughout the body.
Coronavirus 97 (COR-97)
Coronaviruses are members of the Nidovirales order of viruses which are minute in size (65-125 nm) and contain a single-stranded nucleic material. They have a crown-like spikes on the outer surface of the virus that are responsible for its attachment to and entry into host cells.
These viruses are closely related to SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and cause severe acute lung injury and ARDS which leads to pulmonary failure and eventually death. They are highly contagious and spread by human-to-human transmission by coughing, sneezing or contact with droplets or aerosols from infected individuals.
In late 2019, a group of Chinese patients were diagnosed with pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus. The epidemic was originally thought to be a zoonotic infection. However, more research on the etiology of the disease revealed that it was caused by a new coronavirus which is similar to SARS-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
Coronavirus 98 (COR-98)
Coronavirus 98 (COR-98) is a novel coronavirus that recently caused an outbreak in Wuhan, China. It is a member of the beta-coronavirus subgroup.
Coronaviras are minute viruses that contain a single-stranded RNA as a nucleic material. The size of coronaviruses ranges from 65 to 125 nanometers in diameter.
The viral genome is mainly composed of proteins encoded by four structural genes. These include the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) genes.
These genes are responsible for viral replication and nucleocapsid formation, as well as the formation of glycoprotein spikes on the outer surface of the virus. These spikes are crucial for the entry of coronaviruses into host cells.
Coronaviruses spread to humans through close contact with infected people and through coughing, sneezing or respiratory droplets that can reach the airways. Vaccines are developed to prevent the spread of coronaviruses and to help people with the disease.
